2014年考研英语模拟考场 epub 下载 pdf 网盘 2025 mobi 在线 免费

　　本书是集作者多年教学、研究与考研辅导的经验编写而成的，书中15套模拟题前半部分略易，后半部分略难。整体难度适中，在题材和体裁的选择上都注重覆盖面广泛，关注真题近年涉及的较多的领域。本书以难度和命题思路接近真题而著称。

全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语全真模拟试题一

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全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语全真模拟试题十

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Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each

numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10

points)

　　A variety of illegal acts committed by people in the course of

their employment, for their own personal gain, are collectively

known as white?collar crime. Embezzlement, theft and trading

securities 2 insider information are common forms of white?collar

crime. The majority of cases involve low?level employees who steal

because they are under 2financial stress. Many plan to 3 the money

back as soon as possible but may never do so. Their crimes are

usually never 4 because the amounts of money are small, and no one

notices the 5.

　　6, there are some very large cases of white?collar crime, such as

multimillion?dollar stock market or banking scams that take years

to discover and are extremely difficult and expensive to7.

　　White?collar crime is not 8 to the business sector. Government

employment, especially 9 the city level, also provides

opportunities to10 one?s pockets. 11, building inspectors accept

bribes and full?time employees receive 12 payments.

　　Although white?collar crime is less 13 than street crime, it

involves14 more money and harm to the public than crimes committed

by street criminals. It is 15 that there are more criminals 16 the

office suites than in the streets, yet the 17 of white?collar makes

it difficult to uncover the offenses and pursue the offenders. As

the economy 18 from manufacturing to services and electronic

commerce, opportunities for white?collar crime 19, while the

technology needed to stop such crimes will 20.

　　1. ［A］ due to［B］ in consequence of ［C］ on the basis of［D］ for the

benefit of

　　2. ［A］ temporary ［B］ constant［C］ persistent ［D］ transient

　　3. ［A］ put ［B］ return ［C］ set ［D］ send

　　4. ［A］ disclosed ［B］ exposed ［C］ retained ［D］ discovered

　　5. ［A］ loss ［B］ shortage ［C］ deficiency ［D］ deficit

　　6. ［A］ Moreover ［B］ However ［C］ Likewise ［D］ Accordingly

　　7. ［A］ pursue ［B］ persecute ［C］ proceed ［D］ prosecute

　　8. ［A］ restrained ［B］ constrained ［C］ confined ［D］ bound

　　9. ［A］ in ［B］ at ［C］ on ［D］ of

　　10. ［A］ line ［B］ fill ［C］ pack ［D］ stuff

　　11. ［A］ Such as ［B］ For example ［C］ By the same token ［D］ To

begin with

　　12. ［A］ welfare ［B］ commission ［C］ pension ［D］ allowance

　　13. ［A］ disastrous ［B］ hazardous ［C］ significant ［D］

violent

　　14. ［A］ no ［B］ little ［C］ far ［D］ further

　　15. ［A］ possibly ［B］ liable ［C］ logical ［D］ likely

　　16. ［A］ in ［B］ with ［C］ of ［D］ on

　　17. ［A］ nature ［B］ feature ［C］ property ［D］ essence

　　18. ［A］ ranges ［B］ shifts ［C］ transfers ［D］ transforms

　　19. ［A］ degenerate ［B］ upgrade ［C］ decrease ［D］ multiply

　　20. ［A］ pick up ［B］ pay back ［C］ make out ［D］ lag behind

　　Part A

　　Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each

text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET

1.(40 points)

　　Text 1

　　Since the start of Europe?s debt crisis in 2009, there has been a

steady drumbeat of predictions that the euro is doomed? The

problems seemed so inevitable, the debts too large, the political

will too feeble? So far, the doomsayers have been wrong? The

leaders of Europe have managed to put a bandage here and a few

stitches there to keep the monetary union together? But now we

really have to ask if the game is up? The years of half?measures,

misguided policy and illusory stubbornness may finally be building

up to crush the euro, like a snowball rolling downhill? Financial

markets are clearly smelling an approaching catastrophe—the euro

this week hit its lowest level against the dollar since

mid?2010?

　　Europe has all but admitted that Greece will exit the euro zone?

It seems impossible that the second round of elections in Greece on

June 17 will produce a government that will strictly adhere to the

austerity measures agreed to by the previous government in return

for European Union bailout funds? Yet German Chancellor Angela

Merkel has made it clear that she has no intention of

renegotiating? “We want Greece to remain in the euro zone, but the

precondition is that Greece upholds the commitments it has made?”

With that attitude, the leaders of Europe might as well boot Athens

out of the union right now?

　　If a failed bailout doesn?t push Greece out of the euro zone, the

slow?motion bank run will? Unless something is done to stop the

flow of deposits out of Greek banks, the sector will eventually

fail, and that too could propel Greece to discard the euro? If that

happens, the Greek bank run could spread to other weak euro

countries like Spain and Italy, driving them out as well and

threatening the entire union?

　　If Greece doesn?t incur a wider crisis, then Spain just might?

The situation in Spain continues to deteriorate? The zone?s fourth

largest economy finds itself in a nasty, no?win situation? If

Madrid moves aggressively to fix its banks, which are burdened with

massive bad loans from the country?s property bubble, it could blow

out the government?s finances and push the country toward a

bailout? If Madrid continues to go slow on fixing its banking mess,

uncertainty will persist, the economy will remain stagnant and the

country could slip toward a bailout?

　　Meanwhile, amid all this chaos, the leaders of Europe have had no

response? European leaders announced no new initiatives for

tackling the debt crisis? In fact, the divisions in Europe appear

to be widening? Camps are emerging between those who want to move

more decisively toward solving the crisis, by, for instance,

issuing eurobonds, and those who refuse to change course despite

the mounting evidence that that course has failed? Yet the risks

are rising that the debt crisis is slipping out of Europe?s control

and the weight of the combined threats to the euro is becoming

overwhelming? The world needs a firm plan of action from Europe?

The more time slips away, the more likely the euro will too?

　　21? The demise of the euro is inevitable if

　　［A］ the marching pace of financial market is not made

steady?

　　［B］ policymakers fail to make drastic and serious policies?

　　［C］ Greek politicians are too stubborn to discard the euro?

　　［D］ the euro?s exchange rate against the US dollar keeps

falling?

　　22? Greece is likely to remain in the euro zone when

　　［A］ the European leaders change their present attitude toward

it?

　　［B］ it can work out effective measures to develop its

economy?

　　［C］ its government agrees to work in coordination with the

previous one?

　　［D］ it goes ahead determinedly and practices its tight fiscal

policies?

　　23? The euro zone may also be threatened by

　　［A］ the depositors? concerted efforts to withdraw their

money?

　　［B］ Greece, Spain and Italy joining hands in crushing the

euro?

　　［C］ the mismanagement of Greek banks and its financial

sector?

　　［D］ the euro zone?s effort to drive Greece into bankruptcy?

　　24? Spain finds itself in a dilemma of whether

　　［A］ a financial bailout is needed to save its economy?

　　［B］ it should deflate its property bubble immediately?

　　［C］ the banking problems should be addressed drastically?

　　［D］ loans should be made from domestic or foreign banks?

　　25? The text is written to answer the question

　　［A］ “What has caused the European debt crisis?”

　　［B］ “Is euro finally doomed?”

　　［C］ “Should European leaders make a quick response?”

　　［D］ “Who comes next after Greece, Spain and Italy?”

　　Text 2

　　Climate change is the environmental problem that obsesses us, the

one that?s the focus of high?flying international summits and

national politics? But it?s not the only environmental problem?

That happens to be the crisis in agriculture and land use, the

subject of what Jon Foley, the head of the University of

Minnesota?s Institute on the Environment, calls the “other

inconvenient truth?”

　　It?s important to understand just how massive global

agriculture?s footprint really is? We set aside a large amount of

land for crop production and for pastureland? Farming takes half

the world?s available freshwater, much of which is used for

irrigation? And all that activity—plus the deforestation and

degradation that tends to go hand in hand with farming—helps make

agriculture the single biggest source of manmade greenhouse gases,

more than industry or transportation or electricity

generation?

　　That?s worrying enough today, given the fact that so many human

beings remain hungry even in this moment of unprecedented

abundance? But depending on population growth and global diets, we

may need to produce twice as much food by mid?century as we do now?

One way to do that is to focus on the parts of the planet where

agricultural yield is lagging? Some of those areas are familiar,

like sub?Saharan Africa, where poverty and lack of fertilizer and

infrastructure means that the average farmer produces far less corn

or grain per acre than the land could produce under ideal

conditions? But some other under?performing regions are surprising:

Eastern Europe, thanks to the utter mess that was Soviet

agricultural policy, lags far behind where it should?

　　Just how we go about doing that is where matters get sticky?

Farmers in regions like the American Midwest can now produce an

amazing amount of food per acre? That productivity is due largely

to what?s known as the Green Revolution, the use of irrigation and

chemical fertilizers to supercharge farming? But that productivity

comes along with serious side effects, from the marine dead zones

created by fertilizer runoff in coastal farms to the health

problems and ecological damage associated with chemical

pesticides?

　　But simply going organic won?t solve the problem either? Foley

co?authored a recent paper in Nature that compared agricultural

yield for conventional farming to organic practices for a number of

different crops, and found that the conventional agriculture

produce considerably more food per acre, especially for major

grains like rice and wheat? But at the same time Foley notes that

genetically modified crops—so often cited as saviors by those in

conventional agriculture—have yet to make a real difference in

feeding the planet, since nearly all GM crops are currently used to

feed animals or for clothing and fiber?

　　Answering the other inconvenient truth is going to require a lot

of changes, from the individual consumers up to the massive global

companies that produce and sell much of the food we eat?

　　26? The “other inconvenient truth” refers to

　　［A］ the destruction of large masses of arable land?

　　［B］ the greenhouse effect caused by farming activities?

　　［C］ the shortage of freshwater for irrigating the land?

　　［D］ the deforestation and degradation of the land?

　　27? To feed the increased population, the author proposes

　　［A］ exploiting under?cultivated land?

　　［B］ tagging new land for agriculture?

　　［C］ using better fertilizer and machinery?

　　［D］ changing people?s diet patterns?

　　28? Which of the following does the Green Revolution not

do?

　　［A］ Increasing grain productivity immensely?

　　［B］ Bringing severe damage to the environment?

　　［C］ Yielding more organic food for increased population?

　　［D］ Putting arable land to better use than previously?

　　29? Why does it no help producing more organic food?

　　［A］ Because organic farming method yields less crops per

acre?

　　［B］ Because it is no different from genetically modified

food?

　　［C］ Because most of it has now been used to feed animals?

　　［D］ Because such farming method is only good for rice and

wheat?

　　30? The text is mainly concerned with

　　［A］ various farming methods and their disadvantages?

　　［B］ the destruction of arable land all over the globe?

　　［C］ the climate change caused by over?cultivation of land?

　　［D］ possible methods of feeding the increased population?

　　Text 3

　　In the 1990s, the term “digital divide” emerged to describe

technology?s haves and have?nots? It inspired many efforts to get

the latest computing tools into the hands of all Americans,

particularly low?income families? Those efforts have indeed shrunk

the divide? But they have created an unintended side effect, one

that is surprising and troubling to researchers and policy makers

and that the government now wants to fix?

　　As access to devices has spread, children in poorer families are

spending considerably more time than children from more well?off

families using their television and gadgets to watch shows and

videos, play games and connect on social networking sites, studies

show? This growing time?wasting gap, policy makers and researchers

say, is more a reflection of the ability of parents to monitor and

limit how children use technology than of access to it? “I?m not

antitechnology at home, but it?s not a savior,” said Laura Robell,

the principal at a public middle school, who has long doubted the

value of putting a computer in every home without proper

oversight?

　　The new divide is such a cause of concern for the Federal

Communications Commission that it is considering a proposal to

spend $200 million to create a digital literacy corps? This group

of hundreds, even thousands, of trainers would fan out to schools

and libraries to teach productive uses of computers for parents,

students and job seekers? These efforts complement a handful of

private and state projects aimed at paying for digital trainers to

teach everything from basic keyboard use and word processing to how

to apply for jobs online or use filters to block children from

seeing online pornography?

　　But “access is not a panacea,” said Danah Boyd, a senior

researcher at Microsoft? “Not only does it not solve problems, it

mirrors and magnifies existing problems we?ve been ignoring?” Like

other researchers and policy makers, Ms? Boyd said the initial push

to close the digital divide did not anticipate how computers would

be used for entertainment?

　　Children of more educated parents, generally understood as a

proxy for higher socioeconomic status, also largely use their

devices for entertainment? In families in which a parent has a

college education or an advanced degree, Kaiser found, children use

10 hours of multimedia a day, a 3?5?hour jump since 1999? Policy

makers and researchers say the challenges are heightened for

parents and children with fewer resources—the very people who were

supposed to be helped by closing the digital divide?

　　Despite the educational potential of computers, the reality is

that their use for education or meaningful content creation is

insignificant compared to their use for pure entertainment? Instead

of closing the achievement gap, they?re widening the time?wasting

gap? “Digital literacy is so important,” said Julius Genachowski,

chairman of the commission, adding that bridging the digital divide

now also means “giving parents and students the tools and know?how

to use technology for education and job?skills training?”

　　31? Bridging the “digital divide” has the side effect of

　　［A］ letting poor children waste more time on electronic

distractions?

　　［B］ burdening the government with the trouble of overseeing

children?

　　［C］ forcing low?income families to buy the latest electronic

gadgets?

　　［D］ imposing on parents the burden of teaching children computer

skills?

　　32? Laura Robell seems to

　　［A］ be confused about how to oversee the use of computer?

　　［B］ consider efforts to fill the “digital divide” to be of little

help?

　　［C］ doubt the parents? ability to monitor their children?

　　［D］ have found a solution to address the new divide ?

　　33? The main objective of the Commission?s proposal is to

　　［A］ investigate the result of the digital gap narrowing

efforts?

　　［B］ putting more digital devices in schools and libraries?

　　［C］ teach parents what private projects have failed to

teach?

　　［D］ promote the productive use of digital technologies?

　　34? Regarding efforts to narrow the digital gap, Danah Boyd

　　［A］ holds a similar point of view to Laura Robell?

　　［B］ disapproves the Commission?s approach to it?

　　［C］ believes such efforts were doomed from the beginning?

　　［D］ insists that such efforts create rather than solve

problems?

　　35? Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the

text?

　　［A］ The educational potential of computers is under?tapped?

　　［B］ Efforts to narrow the digital gap have proved to be a

failure?

　　［C］ Wasting time is becoming a new divide in the digital

era?

　　［D］ Digital literary is declining despite the increase in

computer use?

　　……

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